Elena+Cangelosi

March 13, 2008 Annotated Bibliography The article “Stem Cells for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders,” from June 29, 2006 by Olle Lindvall and Zaal Kokaia suggests that stems cells can be used to ease the symptoms of, and prevent the progression of certain neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s Disease, Stroke, Huntington’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Schlerosis, Multiple Schlerosis, and spinal cord lesions. It illustrates that different stem cells need to be used in different parts of the brain for each disease and that a lot more research needs to be done before stem-cell-based therapies can be clinically used for humans.
 * 1) Lindvall, Olle, Zaal Kokaia. “Stem Cells for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders.” __Nature__ 29 June 2006: 1094-1096. ProQuest. Alma College Lib., Alma, MI. 13 Mar. 2007 .

The article “Stem Cell Rules,” published Feb. 10, 2007, explains that the new rules passed on Feb. 1, 2007 by the International Society for Stem Cell Research allow women to accept payment for the donation of their eggs depending on local laws. The rules also outlawed the mating of chimeras (animals injected with human stem cells) but left the decision of allowing chimeras to mate with non-chimeras up to local ruling.
 * 1) “Stem Cell Rules.” __New Scientist__ 193.2590 (2007): 4. ProQuest. Alma College Lib., Alma, MI. 13 Mar. 2007 .

In the article “Eureka?” from March 2008, writer Elizabeth Svoboda questions scientist Alan Trounson of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine about topics regarding stem cell research. He says that he regards fertilized embryonic cells as simply a group of living cells, not a human life and that his institute has done a lot of impressive research regarding healings for damaged lungs and hearts. He also thinks that a lot more research needs to be done before researchers can use skin stem cells in place of embryonic stem cells and that he has no interest in cloning and the dangers that come with it.
 * 1) Svoboda, Elizabeth. “Eureka?” __Fast Company__ .123 (2008): 53. ProQuest. Alma College Lib., Alma, MI. 13 Mar. 2007 .

The article “Ethical, Scientific Breakthroughs Seen in New Stem-Cell Studies,” published December 7, 2007 by the National Catholic Reporter explains that two reports – one by Shiny Yamanaka of Kyoto University and the other by Junying Yu and James Thomson of the University of Wisconsin-Madison – have been published containing research showing that skin cells can be used in place on embryonic stem cells. The reports include research showing that the skin cells can be genetically altered to match a donor’s skin cells with any other cells in their body. This new method has been hailed by the National Catholic Bioethics Center because this research may lead to an end to the ethical debate behind embryonic stem cell research. Although these reports have been published, the International Society for Stem Cell Research asks scientists to continue research with embryonic stem cells until further research with skin cells can be done.
 * 1) “Ethical, Scientific Breakthroughs Seen in New Stem-Cell Studies.” __National Catholic Reporter__ 44.6 (2007): 3. ProQuest. Alma College Lib., Alma, MI. 13 Mar. 2007 .

The web site page “Stem Cell Basics: What are the unique properties of all stem cells?” tells the reader of the important research and medical aspects of stem cells. These aspects are their ability to reproduce for long periods of time, the fact that they are unspecialized cells, and the fact that, because they are unspecialized, they can be used in place of every other cell in the human body, making them an excellent candidate for possible treatments of degenerative cells in different parts of the body.
 * 1) “Stem Cell Basics: What are the unique properties of all stem cells?” __Stem Cell Information__. 2006. National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 13 March 2008. .

The article, “History of Stem Cell Research” from 2008, explains the history of stem cell research starting with the discovery of reproducing cells in the mid 1800s, to the isolation of embryonic stem cells, up until the 2004 decision for $3 billion of federal money to be given to the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine.
 * 1) “History of Stem Cell Research.” __All About Popular Issues__. 2008. 13 March 2008. .

March 5, 2008 Reseach Proposal Questions

1. Stem Cell Research - What are the pros and cons of stem cell research and should it be federally funded? What I know: Stem ceell research as is is a cery controversial topic - some say it is unethical because it is terminating a life before it has a chance to develop whereas some believe that the life is created in ofer to research and potentially save more lives - but having it federally funded is an even greater issue because that is giving government money to potentially kill unborn babies or not giving money and hindering research. What I think: I am for federally funded stem cell research becaurse it could help save other's lives and stem cells can be taken from places other than fetuses.

2. No Child Left Behind - Should No Child Left Behind be continued/what are it's pros and cons? What I know: No Child Left Behind is legislation making federal funding for education dependant on whether or not schools pass mandatory tests. What I think: I think this is a terrible peice of legislation which needs to be gotten rid of so that schools with less motivated/struggling children are not financially punished.

3. Climate Change - How much government regulation should be put in place in order to prevent/stop the continuation of global warming? What I know and think: Climate Change is real and is from a series of factors, all of which I think need strict goverment regulation and proper funding.

__1st Seven Weeks__

February 6, 2008 Journal 3 In Paper 2, I used induction and comparison as my arguement strategies. I chose these because with a word such as normal, there is really no specific way to describe it and the only way to show what I was trying to say was through examples. So I compared examples and drew a conclusion from them. When I first tried to write my paper, I got frustrated because we were supposed to use specific arguement strategies and all I wanted to do was write my paper and not have to follow certain writing rules. This is actually what I ended up doing, and then I realized that my arguements fit with induction and comparison. I think that my logos, pathos, and ethos were much better in this paper than my last one. I use my own examples which draw on my credibility and shows I actually know what I'm talking about. I think I could have worked a little more on my pathos becauseI don't really draw on emotion that much, just logic.

February 4, 2008 =Read this for Group Conferencing!= Definition Paper - Normal [|Normal Paper.doc]

February 1, 2008

brute: a person or animal who acts in a socially unacceptable, immoral, and aggressive manner either intentionally or unintentially.

In the story __Brute__ by Richard Selzer, I believe that both the doctor and the patient could be considered brutes, and neither of them could be considered more of one.

The patient is initially depicted as the brute of the story being described as "toxic, fuming, murderous--a great mythic beast broken loose in the city." He fights the police "rearing, roaring." The author describes him as drunk, bestial, and as if he had been in situations like this before--as if he was raised to be like this. His actions are brutish being very unacceptable and aggressive, and his language is also seen as socially unacceptable (the f-word). He fights the doctor from stitching him up and it seems all around as if he does not understand the situation he is in and does not know how he ended up there. This is brutish to me, being an outsider to the helpful situation and reacting very negatively and aggressively. Also the fact that he has a huge gash across his head and is being escorted by police gives the reader the idea that he was brought in for something scary and negative. The patient is the unknowing brute of the story.

The doctor also plays a brutish role in the story. I believe that his actions are also unintentional because his emotions snap and he does something he never planned on and would never plan to do again. Sewing the patient's ears to the table is not what makes him a brute in my mind--he is simply doing his job in order to save the patients life. What makes him a brute is the evil grin which he describes as a grin done by "torturers." He is taking pleasure in forcing the patient to act how he wants in a completely unprofessionally manner. Sewing someone's ears to the table is not the job description of a doctor, but they do what they must, and by taking pleasure in something so seemingly cruel makes him a brute. Although thinking back he feels incredibly guilty, in the moment that he made that grin and made sure that the patient saw it, he became a brute, even if only for the moment.

Overall, both the patient and the doctor in this story fit the description of a brute, both becoming one through different backgrounds and in different ways.

January 27, 2008 word: normal definition: how well a person or thing follows the "rules" set by society for their gender or species. second definition: how a person judges another or perceives themself as normal etymology: comes from latin word normalis, meaning either "in conformity with rule, normal" or "made according to the carpenter's square" (dictionary.com/etymoline.com)

EXCELLENT WORD--I LIKE IT. CAN YOU FIND THE ETYMOLOGY? ~Ms. W

January 24, 2008

**Read this for Group Conferencing!**
[|Paper 1.doc]

Monolingualism: the native language of intolerance Dennis Baron http://webtools.uiuc.edu/blog/view?blogId=25&topicId=943&count=1&ACTION=VIEW_TOPIC_DIALOGS&skinId=286 Summary: In the article //Monolingualism: the native language of intolerance,// written on July 19, 2007, Dennis Baron states his belief that exposure to various languages at an early age will not create tolerance between peoples of different cultures. He backs this by showing research of infants giving preference to the presence of strangers who speak their own, rather than a foreign, language, as well as making the point that early exposure to multiple languages does not stop future bias. He writes that it is natural to prefer our own language and reject others, and therefore makes the argument that exposure to another language will do nothing for tolerance. Analysis: Overall, I think the article beats around the bush somewhat, but in the end makes the strong point that America needs to actually be more accepting of other languages and not just pretend to do so. While getting to this point, Baron draws a lot on ethos and logos. He does this by bringing up different research and research findings, making his writing seem credible, and then drawing conclusions from that research. Besides doing this, he draws on the reader’s pathos by bringing up children making decisions and talking about tolerance in war, a touchy subject for a lot of people. Baron writes this article on a blog site. The purpose of this is to get his opinion out to his readers. By the number viewers by each article, it appears that these blogs are commonly read. One reason this may be, is because Baron makes an effort to connect with his audience. One way he does this is by speaking in “we” terms, putting himself in the same position as the reader. An example of this is the second sentence in the article //Monolingualism: the native language of intolerance//, when Baron says “We frequently read of students flunked, workers fired, and immigrants shown the door for speaking the wrong language.” He also has pictures in his article, drawing the reader in and making what he is writing visual. Overall, I think Baron makes a good argument and does it in a manner that is well structured, and understandable to the audience.

January 15, 2008

Before taking College Rhetoric II, I had never really paid attention to logos, pathos, or ethos. I had some idea that I needed to write in a way that would interest my audience, and make arguements that were logical and would make sense to people, but the idea of checking my paper to make sure it contained these things did not cross my mind.

As far as logos goes, I think I have always done a pretty good job of covering that. It makes sense to me to make logical arguements and give examples of ideas or situations. This is especially prevelant in research papers when it is quite necessary to give facts. I think I add far more logos to my papers than either pathos or ethos.

Pathos is something I rarely pay attention to. Sometimes I try to be humerous, but I just don't think I'm very good at it so I don't try very often. I usually just figure that the facts that I put out in my paper will be enough to appeal to people's emotions. In opinion papers though, I usually state my opinion, and then use examples to show what I am feeling on the subject. This is under the assumption that others will feel the same way I do after reading the example given and will understand what I am saying. I think I should probably reconsider this and make sure I state what the example shows so that the reader knows what I am getting at.

I have a hard time putting ethos in my paper because I really have very few credentials. I can give my credentials as say a highschool or college student, or maybe being on a sports team, and a few other things, but nothing really more than that. I have nothing to back up research papers except by citing my sources. Although I certainly look for credentials when I read other's writings, I never thought to state my own. Thinking back though, I certainly don't think that my writing makes me sound like a liar, so I feel fairly credible.

Comparing myself to my article's author (Shawn Vilmaire), I feel like we are fairly equal. I was not really very impressed by his writing and actually I think I could have maybe written that article better than he did. He gave good examples, but really no hard facts. He had a lot of run on sentences and certainly not nearly enough commas to accomodate for them. He wrote a lot of questions without answering them himself and I really think that he could have made a much stronger arguement.

Overall, I think I have a lot to work on in my writing and need to pay a lot more attention to logos, pathos, and ethos.